LibGuides: Science: Healthy Decisions & Ethics

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Assignment Overview

There will be times in your life when you need to make some important decisions about your health and the health of others. In this task, you will analyse some of the scientific and ethical aspects of a chosen issue, and make a reasoned decision.

TASK:

Organisers of a science & ethics conference have invited you, as a young member of our community, to submit a position paper about a topical health issue. Your position paper will be a response to ONE question out of a possible 8. The task and criteria sheet are attached below.

Making Healthy Decisions

Flu Pandemic 2017? An unexplained onslaught of new influenza strains could lead to a pandemic not seen since the fatal outbreak of Spanish flu.
Pandemic Influenza
Department of Health: Australian Influenza Surveillance Report and Activity Updates
What You Should Know About Flu Antiviral Drugs
Antiviral Medications

HEAT-STABLE VACCINES THAT DO NOT NEED TO BE REFRIGERATED

Heat-Stable Vaccines Urgently Needed to Reach the One in Five Children Missed by Immunization Worldwide Look at slides and PDF
Extending heat stability Weighing the trade-offs, exploring the potential Explores methods of heat stabilising drugs
Replacing Existing Vaccines with Heat-Stable Versions Saves Money, Protects More Mothers and Children From Deadly Diseases Replacing the standard vaccines currently recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO)—most of which require refrigeration—with heat-stable versions would save money and increase protection of women, children and babies from deadly diseases like pneumonia, diarrhea, tetanus, measles and yellow fever.

Test-card for BT and HIV Identification

W.H.O.:Race against time to develop new antibiotics
More must be done to develop new antibiotics, leading pharmacists say Big drug companies have little incentive to develop new antibiotics despite huge concerns about resistance to the drugs, leading pharmacists have said.
Millions Injected Into Push for New Antibiotics
The antibiotics dilemma: Why we're running out of drugs to treat the superbugs It's the $40 billion drug market that no company wants a part of.
Antibiotic crisis grows while drug companies make lifestyle meds Antibiotics for acute infections are a pillar of medicine, but doctors say the pillar is crumbling as pharmaceutical companies neglect antibiotic development and instead chase massive profits from chronic illnesses and lifestyle diseases.
The dearth of new antibiotic development The development of new antibiotics has decreased alarmingly, with many pharmaceutical companies pulling out of antibiotic research in favour of developing “lifestyle” drugs.

Immunise Australia Program HPV is a common virus that affects both males and females, which is passed from person to person through sexual contact. HPV can stay in the body for years, causing changes to cells that can lead to a wide range of HPV-related cancers and other serious diseases.
Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)
HPV Vaccine: How, when and where is it given?
CDC recommends only two HPV shots for younger adolescents CDC today recommended that 11- to 12-year-olds receive two doses of HPV vaccine at least six months apart rather than the previously recommended three doses to protect against cancers caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) infections. Teens and young adults who start the series later, at ages 15 through 26 years, will continue to need three doses of HPV vaccine to protect against cancer-causing HPV infection.

Why the government should tax unhealthy foods and subsidise nutritious ones if the government were to combine taxes and subsidies on a range of foods and beverages, it could substantially improve the health of Australians and potentially free up billions in health care spending.
Should We Be Taxing Sugar? Australia has the fifth-highest rate of obesity for people 15yrs and over, with rates almost 1.5 times the OECD average.
Sugar tax would prolong Australians' lives, reduce health costs, Melbourne researchers find A sugar tax could lead to longer lives and reduced health costs if introduced with other measures encouraging healthier eating
It's time to tax sugary drinks Strong public support for a UK style sugar tax is now bolstered by a study showing its likely health benefits.
Australian sugary drinks tax could prevent thousands of heart attacks and strokes and save 1,600 lives
Does Australia need a fat tax?
Junk food tax to tackle obesity backed by former Weight Watchers head Scott Penn A junk food tax is exactly what is needed to send a message about healthy eating.
Obesity in Australia: Fat tax ‘should be imposed’ to target school canteens A FAT tax should be imposed on school canteens, according to a group of Australian researchers who propose raising the price of sugary snacks so parents and kids are drawn to healthy alternatives.
Marketing obesity? Junk food, advertising and kids Parliamentary research paper into obesity epidemic in Australia

Why not get serious and just ban smoking? Why not just ban smoking? The federal government is banking on a $5.3 billion revenue gain from lifting tobacco excise over four years, which suggests the move will only marginally reduce smoking rates.
What Australia needs to do to stub out smoking The EU Health Commissioner recently compared tobacco deaths with those from terrorism.
How Australia is stubbing out smoking Australia was the first country in the world to introduce mandatory plain packaging for tobacco products - and the UK will have followed suit by May this year. But will any country copy Australia's plan to keep increasing taxes until a packet of cigarettes costs AUD$40 (£24)?
Smoking age ban: Cancer Council Queensland urges Government to take action The Queensland Government is being urged to consider enacting a ban on smoking for anyone born after 2001.
Tough new smoking laws for Queensland in effect from today Finding a legal spot to light up in Queensland just got a whole lot harder, with some of the toughest smoking laws in the country coming into effect.

Medical Research with Animals Animals and people get many of the same illnesses. Certain types of animals can stand in for humans with particular diseases. The information we gain from these studies—about how we’re the same and how we’re different—benefits people and animals.
Animal Experimentation Fact Sheet

Animal Experimentation Fact Sheet

Animal Experimentation This is an ethical and moral issue of the first order. If animals are so like us that we can substitute them for testing instead of using humans, then surely those animals have the very attributes (ability to suffer physically and psychologically, conscious awareness) that mean they deserve to be respected and protected from harm — as we would wish for ourselves.
Millions of animals around Australia subjected to experiments and surgery More than six million animals including baboons, dogs, cats and native mammals are being used every year in Australia for medical research, experiments and surgical skills training, according to official figures.
Statistics of Animal Use in Research and Teaching in Australia
More than 600,000 animals die annually in science labs EVERY day 1675 animals are killed in the name of science in Victoria.

Queensland Government: Childcare immunisation schedule
Mandatory Vaccination In Australia Is Here The Federal Government has announced the end of the conscientious objector exemption for access to the Child Care Rebate, Child Care Benefits and Family Tax Benefit Part A end of year supplement.
The vaccination debate Most parents opt to vaccinate their children but a small minority are choosing not to. What are their reasons and how does this impact the rest of us?
SBS: At-a-glance: The immunisation debate Interesting article: Pros & Cons
The great vaccination debate: are you for or against?
Behind the News: Vaccination Debate Read the transcript - watch the video

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